Journal: Food Science & Nutrition

Article Title: Dihydroquercetin Attenuates Silica‐Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and the Serum Metabolites in Mice

doi: 10.1002/fsn3.71389

Figure Lengend Snippet: DHQ treatment attenuated silica‐induced pulmonary fibrosis in C57/BL6 mice. (A, B) DHQ treatment increased the body weight and decreased pulmonary index in silicosis model mice. The changes of body weight (C) The levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, TNF‐α, and TGF‐β) in serum from different groups at day 21 were detected by ELISA assay. (D) Representative pictures (×200) of HE‐stained and Masson‐stained lung sections from mice on day 21 were shown. Bar = 100 μm. (E, F) The inflammation and fibrosis score numbers of 0–3, corresponding to the grades of –, +, ++, and +++, were evaluated by experienced pathologists in a blinded fashion. (G) Representative results of western blot for α‐SMA, collagen I and fibronectin in lung tissues and the quantification of results. Data are shown as mean ± SD. All experiments were repeated three times. # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 vs. the control group; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. the SiO 2 group.

Article Snippet: Sigma‐Aldrich provided the SiO 2 (Cat#S5631) particles (around 80% diameter 1‐5 μm), which were filtered through sedimentation following Stokes' law, underwent acidic hydrolysis, and were baked overnight at 200°C for 16 h. Interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) (CSB‐E08054m), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) (CSB‐E04741m), and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) (CSB‐E04726m) were acquired from Cusabio Biotechnology in Wuhan, China.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Staining, Western Blot, Control

Journal: International heart journal

Article Title: Ryanodine Receptor Type 2 Plays a Role in the Development of Cardiac Fibrosis under Mechanical Stretch Through TGFβ-1.

doi: 10.1536/ihj.16-572

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Reduction of TGFβ1 expression by downregulation of RyR2in cardiomyocytes under mechani- cal stretch. A: Measurement of RyR2 mRNA level in cultured cardiomyocytes by Real-Time PCR. B: Expres- sion of RyR2 protein level in cardiomyocytes with Western Blotting. C: TGFβ1 in supernates of cultured cardiomyocytes was detected with ELISA analysis. D: Expression of TGFβ1 protein level in cardiomyocytes with Western Blotting. E: Measurement of tgfb1 mRNA level in cultured cardiomyocytes using Real-Time PCR. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM obtained from 3 independent experiments. shRyR2 indicates RyR2 knockdown lentiviral particle-infected cardiomyocytes; MS, cardiomyocytes under mechanical stretch; MS + ryr2 KD, RyR2 knockdown cardiomyocytes under mechanical stretch. *P < 0.05 versus control.

Article Snippet: ELISA assay: Supernates of cultured cardiomyocytes were collected and examined by Rat Transforming Growth Factor β1 ELISA Kit (CUSABIO BIOTECH, China) following the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Expressing, Cell Culture, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Knockdown, Infection, Control

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Uniform and controllable surface nano-structure on polyetheretherketone implants can regulate mechanical property to enhance soft tissue integration through Piezo1/TGF-β1 signaling axis

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101645

Figure Lengend Snippet: The impact of nanoscale modification of PEEK implant surfaces on the mechanical perception, proliferation, and expression of fibrosis-related proteins in L929 cells. (A) The expression levels of mechanical perception, proliferation, and fibrosis-related proteins were evaluated in L929 cells cultured on different nanoscale modified PEEK surfaces at multiple time points. (B) The secretion of TGF-β1 from L929 cells cultured on various nanoparticle-modified PEEK surfaces was quantified using Elisa at multiple time points. (C) Immunofluorescence analysis was conducted to assess the expression differences of Piezo1, ITGB1, and α-SMA in L929 cells cultured on different nanoparticle-modified PEEK surfaces. (D) Quantitative fluorescence analysis was performed on the data presented in C.

Article Snippet: TGF-β1 Mouse/Rat (HEK293) (HY-P70648, MedChemExpress LLC., USA).

Techniques: Modification, Expressing, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Uniform and controllable surface nano-structure on polyetheretherketone implants can regulate mechanical property to enhance soft tissue integration through Piezo1/TGF-β1 signaling axis

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101645

Figure Lengend Snippet: Piezo1 mediates the proliferation and fibrosis enhancement of L929 cells on PEEK implants modified with a 500 nm surface treatment. (A) Changes in calcium influx induced by the specific Piezo1 agonist (Yoda1) and the calcium channel inhibitor (GsMTx-4) were assessed using Fluo-4AM. (B) The fluorescence intensity of calcium accumulation in L929 cells following treatment with Yoda1 and GsMTx-4 was observed under a fluorescence microscope. (C) Quantitative analysis of the average fluorescence intensity presented in B. (D) The regulatory effects of Piezo1 on proliferation-related pathways, fibrosis processes, and adhesion-associated proteins were evaluated separately on PEEK and PEEK-500. (E) RT-qPCR was employed to assess the transcriptional differences in fibrosis-related genes in L929 cells following the activation or inhibition of Piezo1. (F) Changes in TGF-β1 secretion by L929 cells after the activation or inhibition of Piezo1 were analyzed. (G) The involvement of TGF-β1 in fibrosis regulation through the activation and upregulation of Piezo1 was confirmed. (H) Schematic representation of the mechanism by which L929 cells detect mechanical signals from PEEK samples to facilitate soft tissue integration.

Article Snippet: TGF-β1 Mouse/Rat (HEK293) (HY-P70648, MedChemExpress LLC., USA).

Techniques: Modification, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Quantitative RT-PCR, Activation Assay, Inhibition

Journal: NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes

Article Title: Natural killer cell effector function is critical for host defense against alcohol-associated bacterial pneumonia

doi: 10.1038/s41522-024-00558-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Pulmonary TGF-β1 levels, B systemic TGF-β1 levels, as well as ( C ) pulmonary IL-22 levels, and ( D ) systemic IL-22 levels in binge-on-chronic alcohol-fed mice with and without treatment following K. pneumoniae infection. All graphs are 48 h. post infection; p values are indicated in the figure, as determined by one‐way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons. N = 8 mice/group derived from 2 independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Mice were treated with mouse recombinant TGF-β1 by IP injection (0.5 μg/g/dose of rTGF-β1: MedChemExpress.

Techniques: Infection, Derivative Assay

Journal: NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes

Article Title: Natural killer cell effector function is critical for host defense against alcohol-associated bacterial pneumonia

doi: 10.1038/s41522-024-00558-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Overview of the dosing regimen for animals treated with indole, recombinant TGF-β1, anti-TGF-β1, and the AhR antagonist CH223191. K. pneumoniae ( B ) lung and ( C ) splenic burden at 48 h. post-infection in binge-on-chronic alcohol-treated mice. p values are indicated in the figure by one‐way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparison. N = 6–14 mice/group derived from 2 independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Mice were treated with mouse recombinant TGF-β1 by IP injection (0.5 μg/g/dose of rTGF-β1: MedChemExpress.

Techniques: Recombinant, Infection, Comparison, Derivative Assay

Journal: NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes

Article Title: Natural killer cell effector function is critical for host defense against alcohol-associated bacterial pneumonia

doi: 10.1038/s41522-024-00558-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: The proportion of pulmonary ( A ) stage I, ( B ) stage 2, ( C ) stage 3, and ( D ) stage 4 NK cells in binge-on-chronic alcohol mice treated with TGF-β1, anti-TGF-β1, indole, and CH223191. p values are indicated in the figure by one‐way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparison. N = 6–14 mice/group derived from 2 independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Mice were treated with mouse recombinant TGF-β1 by IP injection (0.5 μg/g/dose of rTGF-β1: MedChemExpress.

Techniques: Comparison, Derivative Assay

Journal: NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes

Article Title: Natural killer cell effector function is critical for host defense against alcohol-associated bacterial pneumonia

doi: 10.1038/s41522-024-00558-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Alcohol-fed mice were infected with K. pneumoniae , and epithelial damage was assessed 48 h. post-infection. Circulating levels of ( A ) iFABP, ( B ) SDP-1, and ( C ) TGF-β1. p values are indicated in the figure by one‐way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparison. N = 6–7 mice/group from 2 independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Mice were treated with mouse recombinant TGF-β1 by IP injection (0.5 μg/g/dose of rTGF-β1: MedChemExpress.

Techniques: Infection, Comparison

Journal: NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes

Article Title: Natural killer cell effector function is critical for host defense against alcohol-associated bacterial pneumonia

doi: 10.1038/s41522-024-00558-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Human NK cells (NK-92 cell line) were treated with alcohol, indole, or recombinant TGF-β1, and NK cell migration in response to the CCL2/CXCL12 was assessed. p values are indicated in the figure by one‐way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparison. N = 9 wells of NK-92 NK cells/group derived from 3 independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Mice were treated with mouse recombinant TGF-β1 by IP injection (0.5 μg/g/dose of rTGF-β1: MedChemExpress.

Techniques: Recombinant, Migration, Comparison, Derivative Assay

Journal: NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes

Article Title: Natural killer cell effector function is critical for host defense against alcohol-associated bacterial pneumonia

doi: 10.1038/s41522-024-00558-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Human NK cells (NK-92 cell line) were treated with alcohol, indole, or recombinant TGF-β1, and NK cell bactericidal capacity was assessed. A – D Percent viable K. pneumoniae 3 h. post co-culture with NK cells pre-treated with different compounds/inhibitors. A Ethanol dose-dependent inhibition of bactericidal capacity. B Inhibition of bactericidal capacity via TGF-β1 and rescue of alcohol-mediated and TGF-β1-mediated inhibition via indole. C NK cell bactericidal capacity is mediated via alpha-defensin and total granzyme production. D NK cell bactericidal capacity is contact-dependent. E NK cell bactericidal capacity against clinical isolates. p values are indicated in the figure by one‐way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparison. N = 9 wells of NK-92 NK cells/group derived from 3 independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Mice were treated with mouse recombinant TGF-β1 by IP injection (0.5 μg/g/dose of rTGF-β1: MedChemExpress.

Techniques: Recombinant, Co-Culture Assay, Inhibition, Comparison, Derivative Assay